Kohlbergs Principles of Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Kohlbergs Principles of Ethics - Essay ExampleLawrence Kohlberg was one of the prototypal serious thinkers to study and know about a persons force to deal with ethical issues which could develop in later life and also whether education could affect that development (Source Can Ethics Be Taught).Kohlberg developed a theory of moral reasoning, which according to him was the basis for ethical behavior and has three major take aims split into six identifiable stages of moral development as shown underThe Stage 1 is a heteronomous orientation focusing on avoiding breaking rules that are backed by punishment, obedience for its own sake and avoiding the physical consequences of an pull through to persons and property (Source Studies in moral development and education).The Stage 2 orientation focuses on the instrumental, pragmatic value of an action. Reciprocity is of the form. The Golden Rule becomes, If someone pees you, you hit them back. Thus one follows the rules only when it is t o someones immediate interests. What is right is whats fair in the sense of an equal exchange, a deal, an agreement with his (her) own interest (Source Studies in moral development and education).At Stage 3 individuals are aware of shared feelings, agreements, and expectations which take primacy over individual interests. Hence they define what is right in terms of what is expected by people close to their own self, and in terms of the stereotypic roles that define being good. Thus being good hither means keeping mutual relationships, such as trust, loyalty, respect, and gratitude. The thinking is that of local community or family. There is no consideration of the generalized social organization (Source Studies in moral development and education).The Stage 4 shifts focus from defining what is right in terms of local norms and role expectations to defining right in terms of the laws and norms established by the larger social system. Thus defining ones social responsibilities. One mus t obey the law except in thoroughgoing cases in which the law comes into conflict with other prescribed social duties. Obeying the law is seen as necessary in order to maintain the system of laws which protect everyone (Source Studies in moral development and education).While two stages have been mentioned in the third major level only one stage i.e., Stage 5, has received unassailable empirical support. Stage 6 remains as a theoretical endpoint which rationally follows from the preceding 5 stages. This level is called the post conventional level and is characterized by reasoning based on principles, using a prior to society perspective. The individuals reason here is based on the principles which underlie rules and norms, but defy a uniform application of a rule or norm (Source Studies in moral development and education).According to Campbell and Bond (1982) Kohlbergs ideas of moral reasoning, moral realness and morality are based on the premise that at birth all humans are voi d of morals, ethics and honesty. Kohlberg identified the family as first source of values and moral development for an individual. According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy being honest or generous is just not a style to do what is honest or generous, nor is it to be helpfully specified as a desirable or morally